Shoulder Replacement

Shoulder replacement surgery, also known as shoulder arthroplasty, is performed by an orthopedic surgeon. The surgical procedure involves replacing a damaged or diseased shoulder joint with implantable components. The purpose is to reduce shoulder pain and discomfort and to restore mobility when conservative treatment options have failed to produce the desired outcomes.

Testing is administered to ensure a patient is medically fit for surgery and a good candidate for shoulder replacement. Pre-operative evaluation can include X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electrodiagnostics to provide surgeons with a clear image of a patient’s condition.

The surgical procedure begins with the patient being administered anesthesia. Once the effects of the drug have been confirmed, the surgeon will make an incision over the shoulder joint to access the damaged material. The surgeon then removes the head of the upper arm bone (humerus) to make way for a metal stem, which is inserted into the humerus. A metal ball is placed on the stem. From there, the surgeon reshapes the shoulder socket and lines it with a metal cup. Finally, the surgeon puts a plastic liner in the socket and slips the ball into place. The incision is closed and covered with a dressing.

In some cases, a reverse total shoulder replacement is necessary. This procedure is intended for severe rotator cuff injuries or when the shoulder joint is severely damaged. With this technique of shoulder arthroplasty, the ball and the socket are still replaced but the implants are reversed. This socket is attached to the humerus and the ball is attached to the shoulder blade.